You are offline. Figures shown are the ones saved on this device.
syli atlas
Français Sign in

Fictitious figures · end of day

Country · NGA

Nigeria · Finances and debt

Source: IMF, World Economic Outlook (October 2026) · copied on 2026-11-11

Public finances and external accounts

A fiscal deficit of 1.8 % of GDP

Nigeria: in 2025, the general government spent 1.8 % of GDP more than it collected, public debt stood at 36.1 % of GDP, the current account showed a surplus of 4.8 % (IMF).

Fiscal balance · 2025
−1.8 %
of GDP · +2.2 pt since 2020
Public debt · 2025
36.1 %
of GDP · +10.4 pt since 2020
Current account · 2025
+4.8 %
of GDP · +7.5 pt since 2020

Fiscal balance, % of GDP

Negative: a deficit · dashed: estimates and projections

−6 % −4 % −2 % 0 % 2015 2020 2025 2030 Nigeria −2.7 West Africa −2.8 −6 % −4 % −2 % 0 % 2015 2020 2025 2030
  • Nigeria
  • West Africa

Source: IMF, World Economic Outlook (October 2026) · general government net lending or borrowing · group values weighted by GDP in dollars (Syli Atlas)

Current account, % of GDP

Trade, income and transfers with the rest of the world

−5 % 0 % 5 % 10 % 2015 2020 2025 2030 Nigeria 3.8 −5 % 0 % 5 % 10 % 2015 2020 2025 2030

Source: IMF, World Economic Outlook (October 2026)

Currency

Naira

The naira has no fixed peg: its value against the dollar and the euro moves with the market and the central bank's policy.

Currency
NGN
naira
Exchange regime
—
no fixed peg
Inflation · 2025
23.0 %
average annual change in consumer prices

Currency codes: ISO 4217 · fixed parities: central banks (BCEAO, BEAC, Central Bank of the Comoros, Bank of Cape Verde…) · inflation: IMF, World Economic Outlook (October 2026)

Debt

A debt owed first to multilateral lenders

At the end of 2025, Nigeria owed 56.9 bn$ in public external debt (World Bank). 10.0 % of it was owed to China, 45.4 % to multilateral institutions and 34.1 % to bond holders.

Debt of the 54 countries →
Public debt · 2025
36.1 %
of GDP · IMF
External debt · 2025
145.0 bn$
public and private · World Bank
Public external debt · 2025
56.9 bn$
owed or guaranteed by the State
Debt service · 2024
6.3 %
of exports of goods, services and income

Public external debt by creditor

Share of the total at the end of each year

2015
2020
2025
Multilateral (IMF, World Bank, AfDB…)
45.4 %
China
10.0 %
Other countries
1.8 %
Bonds (Eurobonds)
34.1 %
Banks and other private lenders
8.8 %

Source: World Bank, International Debt Statistics (updated 2026-11-05) · public and publicly guaranteed external debt, end of year · CC BY 4.0 · shares: Syli Atlas calculation