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Country · BDI

Burundi · Finances and debt

Source: IMF, World Economic Outlook (October 2026) · copied on 2026-11-11

Public finances and external accounts

A fiscal deficit of 3.2 % of GDP

Burundi: in 2025, the general government spent 3.2 % of GDP more than it collected, public debt stood at 42.0 % of GDP, the current account showed a deficit of 6.4 % (IMF).

Fiscal balance · 2025
−3.2 %
of GDP · +3.4 pt since 2020
Public debt · 2025
42.0 %
of GDP · −23.9 pt since 2020
Current account · 2025
−6.4 %
of GDP · +4.8 pt since 2020

Fiscal balance, % of GDP

Negative: a deficit · dashed: estimates and projections

−15 % −10 % −5 % 0 % 5 % 2015 2020 2025 2030 Central Africa −1.9 Burundi −4.7 −15 % −10 % −5 % 0 % 5 % 2015 2020 2025 2030
  • Burundi
  • Central Africa

Source: IMF, World Economic Outlook (October 2026) · general government net lending or borrowing · group values weighted by GDP in dollars (Syli Atlas)

Current account, % of GDP

Trade, income and transfers with the rest of the world

−20 % −15 % −10 % −5 % 0 % 2015 2020 2025 2030 Burundi −4.4 −20 % −15 % −10 % −5 % 0 % 2015 2020 2025 2030

Source: IMF, World Economic Outlook (October 2026)

Currency

Burundian franc

The Burundian franc has no fixed peg: its value against the dollar and the euro moves with the market and the central bank's policy.

Currency
BIF
Burundian franc
Exchange regime
—
no fixed peg
Inflation · 2025
34.0 %
average annual change in consumer prices

Currency codes: ISO 4217 · fixed parities: central banks (BCEAO, BEAC, Central Bank of the Comoros, Bank of Cape Verde…) · inflation: IMF, World Economic Outlook (October 2026)

Debt

A debt owed first to multilateral lenders

At the end of 2025, Burundi owed 603 m$ in public external debt (World Bank). 5.8 % of it was owed to China, 67.3 % to multilateral institutions and 0.0 % to bond holders.

Debt of the 54 countries →
Public debt · 2025
42.0 %
of GDP · IMF
External debt · 2025
1.0 bn$
public and private · World Bank
Public external debt · 2025
603 m$
owed or guaranteed by the State
Debt service · 2024
5.5 %
of exports of goods, services and income

Risk of debt distress

IMF and World Bank debt sustainability analysis

Latest analysis published on 2023-07-25: high.

Source: IMF, list of debt sustainability analyses of low-income countries, as of 2026-03-31 · imf.org

Public external debt by creditor

Share of the total at the end of each year

2015
2020
2025
Multilateral (IMF, World Bank, AfDB…)
67.3 %
China
5.8 %
Other countries
26.9 %
Bonds (Eurobonds)
0.0 %
Banks and other private lenders
0.0 %

Source: World Bank, International Debt Statistics (updated 2026-11-05) · public and publicly guaranteed external debt, end of year · CC BY 4.0 · shares: Syli Atlas calculation