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Country · SDN

Sudan · Finances and debt

Source: IMF, World Economic Outlook (October 2026) · copied on 2026-11-11

Public finances and external accounts

A fiscal deficit of 3.1 % of GDP

Sudan: in 2025, the general government spent 3.1 % of GDP more than it collected, public debt stood at 204.4 % of GDP, the current account showed a deficit of 8.6 % (IMF).

Fiscal balance · 2025
−3.1 %
of GDP · +2.9 pt since 2020
Public debt · 2025
204.4 %
of GDP · −74.4 pt since 2020
Current account · 2025
−8.6 %
of GDP · +8.0 pt since 2020

Fiscal balance, % of GDP

Negative: a deficit · dashed: estimates and projections

−15 % −10 % −5 % 0 % 2015 2020 2025 2030 Sudan −2.9 East Africa −3.5 −15 % −10 % −5 % 0 % 2015 2020 2025 2030
Chart data as a table
Sudan: in 2025, the general government spent 3.1 % of GDP more than it collected, public debt stood at 204.4 % of GDP, the current account showed a deficit of 8.6 % (IMF).
Year SudanEast Africa
2015 −3.9 % −4.3 %
2016 −3.9 % −3.7 %
2017 −6.1 % −4.0 %
2018 −7.9 % −4.1 %
2019 −10.8 % −4.7 %
2020 −6.0 % −5.3 %
2021 −0.3 % −4.6 %
2022 −2.1 % −4.4 %
2023 −3.6 % −3.7 %
2024 −3.5 % −3.3 %
2025 · estimate −3.1 % −3.7 %
2026 · projection −3.9 % −4.1 %
2027 · projection −5.5 % −3.8 %
2028 · projection −4.5 % −3.6 %
2029 · projection −4.0 % −3.7 %
2030 · projection −2.9 % −3.5 %
  • Sudan
  • East Africa

Source: IMF, World Economic Outlook (October 2026) · general government net lending or borrowing · group values weighted by GDP in dollars (Syli Atlas)

Current account, % of GDP

Trade, income and transfers with the rest of the world

−20 % −15 % −10 % −5 % 0 % 2015 2020 2025 2030 Sudan −12.0 −20 % −15 % −10 % −5 % 0 % 2015 2020 2025 2030
Chart data as a table
Current account balance of Sudan, % of GDP
Year Sudan
2015 −8.5 %
2016 −6.5 %
2017 −9.4 %
2018 −13.9 %
2019 −15.2 %
2020 −16.6 %
2021 −7.5 %
2022 −11.3 %
2023 −4.1 %
2024 −2.2 %
2025 · estimate −8.6 %
2026 · projection −14.6 %
2027 · projection −13.0 %
2028 · projection −12.7 %
2029 · projection −13.0 %
2030 · projection −12.0 %

Source: IMF, World Economic Outlook (October 2026)

Currency

Sudanese pound

The Sudanese pound has no fixed peg: its value against the dollar and the euro moves with the market and the central bank's policy.

Currency
SDG
Sudanese pound
Exchange regime
—
no fixed peg
Inflation · 2025
99.9 %
average annual change in consumer prices

Currency codes: ISO 4217 · fixed parities: central banks (BCEAO, BEAC, Central Bank of the Comoros, Bank of Cape Verde…) · inflation: IMF, World Economic Outlook (October 2026)

Debt

A debt owed first to other countries

At the end of 2025, Sudan owed 15.9 bn$ in public external debt (World Bank). 8.6 % of it was owed to China, 14.6 % to multilateral institutions and 0.0 % to bond holders.

Debt of the 54 countries →
Public debt · 2025
204.4 %
of GDP · IMF
External debt · 2025
24.2 bn$
public and private · World Bank
Public external debt · 2025
15.9 bn$
owed or guaranteed by the State
Debt service · 2024
4.5 %
of exports of goods, services and income

Risk of debt distress

IMF and World Bank debt sustainability analysis

Latest analysis published on 2021-07-01: in debt distress. The country has unresolved arrears to external creditors.

Source: IMF, list of debt sustainability analyses of low-income countries, as of 2026-03-31 · imf.org

Public external debt by creditor

Share of the total at the end of each year

2015
2020
2025
Multilateral (IMF, World Bank, AfDB…)
14.6 %
China
8.6 %
Other countries
44.9 %
Bonds (Eurobonds)
0.0 %
Banks and other private lenders
31.9 %

Source: World Bank, International Debt Statistics (updated 2026-11-05) · public and publicly guaranteed external debt, end of year · CC BY 4.0 · shares: Syli Atlas calculation